JSS 1 Basic Science (1st, 2nd & 3rd Term)

Energy for working. Energy is a key factor in national development. For instance, electrical energy is needed to do a lot of things. Poor management of the energy resources in a nation might cause it to remain in a state of underdevelopment. The three main societal needs of energy are mechanical work, heat supply and […]

Meaning of renewable and non-renewable energy Renewable energy is the energy resources that can be replaced as they are used up. Non-renewable energy is the energy resources that cannot be replenished as they are used up. Examples of renewable and non-renewable energy Examples of renewable sources of energy are: Sun Wind Water Biomass Sea (tides)

Counselling and Testing Places to go for counselling and medical tests are: School guidance and counsellor Health centres Specialized institutions Youth centre Adolescent-focused NGOs Care and support The support and care that can be given to people living with HIV/AIDS are: Compassion and understanding which create a sense of love and build self-confidence Emotional support

HIV means Human Immunodeficiency Virus while AIDS means Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. HIV/AIDS is a deadly disease which has no cure yet. The virus, HIV is the cause of AIDS. This virus attacks the body’s immune defence system and breaks it down. Differences between HIV and AIDS HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. A

Sexually transmitted infections (diseases) are infections that can be spread from one person to another through sexual intercourse with an infected person. Examples, Causative agents and symptoms of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) EXAMPLES OF STIs CAUSATIVE AGENT TRANSMISSION SYMPTOM PREVENTION 1 Gonorrhea Bacterium (Neisseria gonorrhoea) – Sexual intercourse – At delivery through infected mother to

Effects of air pollution.
(1) It can lead to respiratory diseases (when smoke, soot and dust is inhaled)
(2) Smog can reduce visibility and cause respiratory diseases
(3) High concentration of carbon (ii) oxide can cause brain damage
(4) It can cause cancer

Pollution is the contamination of our environment with dirty, poisonous and dangerous or hazardous substances. It is also defined as the release of waste products or materials into the environment that is harmful to life. These dirty, poisonous and dangerous or hazardous substances are called pollutants. Types of pollution Air pollution Water pollution Soil pollution

Reproduction is the ability of living things to produce young ones like them. Reproduction is one of the characteristics of living things which is for the continuation of life. There are two types of reproduction. Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction – this kind of reproduction involves a single parent to produce young ones. In

Reproduction is the ability of living organism to produce young ones of their kind. It is necessary for the continuity of life. TYPES OF REPRODUCTION There are two main types of reproduction Asexual reproduction Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction: This is the type of reproduction that involves only one parent.  Examples are vegetative reproduction, binary fission

A drug is a chemical substance which affects the action of the body. IMPORTANCE OF DRUG It saves life It relieves pain It relieve suffering It helps to fight against diseases It promotes food health. DRUG ABUSE This is the act of using drugs without the doctor’s advice and prescription. DRUG MISUSE This refers to

Nutrition is the process of taking in food to get energy and maintain life. It is also called feeding in living organisms. FOOD Food is any substance which when eaten is used to maintain life and growth. Importance of Food To give energy To maintain life It makes us grow To make one stay healthy

SANITATION Sanitation is the process of keeping places free from dirt which causes infections, diseases and germs. This is done by removing waste products (both solid and liquid) away from the environment. It is also the process of maintaining cleanliness. PERSONAL CLEANLINESS This refers to the way of keeping germs from our bodies in order

This is the period during which growing boys and girls reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction. Usually, puberty starts between ages 8 and 13 in girls and ages 9 and 15 in boys. Pubertal Changes in Boys Broadening of the chest and shoulders. Deepening of the voice. Growth of moustache and beard. Growth

Metals are elements that readily form positive ions and have metallic bonds.  Examples are copper, iron, copper, etc. Properties of Metals They are good conductors of heat and electricity They are lustrous i.e. shiny and can be polished. They are malleable, that is, they are capable of being beaten into thin sheets. They are ductile,

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS Plants exist in different forms. These are: Treesg. mango, orange, guava, pawpaw, etc. Flowers such as ice plant, hibiscus, yellow bush, pride of Barbados, etc. Herbs like crotalaria, carpet grass, Bahamas grass etc. Animals can be classified as: Vertebratesg. man, cat, goat, sheep, cow, chicken, rabbit etc. Invertebratesg. tse-tse fly,

Living things are things that have life in them.  Examples are man, insect, bird, fish, toad, lizard, yam, grass, etc. Living things are classified into two major group i.e. plants and animals. Non-living things are things that have no life in them.  Examples are stone, chair, table, water, shoe, bag, salt etc. The Characteristics of

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.  Examples are a stone, sand, water, biro, air etc. All matter is made up of tiny particles called atom. PROPERTIES OF MATTER Matter occupy space Matter have mass Matter is made up of particles It exists in solids, liquids or gasses CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Matter can

MEAINING OF STATELLITE Satellite is a body that orbits or moves round a planet e.g. the moon is a satellite of the earth Thus, the satellites or moons of the planet in our solar system are shown below PLANET                               NO OF SATELLITE Mercury                                   None Venus                                      None Earth                                       1 Mass                                        2 Jupiter                                     12 Saturn                                      9

MEANING OF GRAVITATION Gravitation is a force that has effect on the stability of a body. If an object is tossed up the air, it will fall back to the ground because the earth exerts an attraction on it. This attraction is called gravitational attraction.   The gravitational attraction / force between any two object