Government

Following the Berlin Conference of 1884 – 85 under the chairmanship of Ottovon Bismarck of Germany.  Where the scramble for and the partitioning of West Africa by the European nations acted as the catalyst of the establishment of colonial administration in West Africa.  With the exception of Liberia, the whole of West African countries came […]

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND General Murtala Mohammed came to power in 1975 and he promised to return the country to a civil rule after long years of military rule that started on January 15, 1966. But General Mohammed did not live to fulfill his promise. It was his deputy Lt.GeneralOlusegunObasanjo who made the promise a reality. This

FEATURES OF THE REPUBLIC AN CONSTITUTION OF 1963 Nigeria obtained a Republican Constitution of 1963 and some changes were introduced by the constitution. It enthroned a Republican Constitution in Nigeria. Queen of England was no longer head of state. The Queen was replaced with the president who became Head of State and Commander–in–Chief of the

MAIN FEATURES AND PROVISIONS OF THE INDEPENDENCE CONSTITUTION OF 1960 The constitution retained the federal structure initially adopted by Lyttleton’s Constitution of 1954. Governors-General became Ceremonial Head of State for the Queen of England. It adopted the parliamentary system of government in Nigeria. There was a bicameral legislature for the federal and regional House of

LONDON CONSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCE This conference was convened to discuss issues surrounding the 1954 Lyttleton’s constitution. The outcome of the Constitutional Conference of 1957 includes the following; The Eastern and Western regions to be granted self-government immediately after the conference. The North would become independent in 1959. The office of the prime minister of the federation

FEATURES OF LYTTLETON CONSTITUTION The resultant defects of MacPherson’s constitution gave rise to two constitutional conferences in 1953 and 1954, the first in London and the other in Lagos. Far reaching conclusions were agreed on concerning the structuring of Nigeria federation, the status of Lagos as a Natural Federal Unit. In October 1954 Lyttleton’s Constitution

THE MCPHERSON CONSTITUTION OF 1951 The weakness of Richard’s Constitution and the imperial powers due to anti-colonial activities, and the de-mystification of white superiority lead to the introduction of a new constitution. Sir John Macpherson became Governor of Nigeria in 1948. He reviewed the 1946 Constitution to avoid the mistake of Richard’s Constitution. Constitutional conferences

FEATURES OF CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION Secretary of State for Colonies: This was a Cabinet minister in Britain and the Secretary of State for Colonies. All the colonial Governors report him. Head of State: This was Governor HughClifford. He represented the Queen of England. The Executive Council: It was an all European Council. No Nigerian was a

THE NIGERIA COUNCIL OF 1914 The Council was created in 1914 after the amalgamation by Lord Luggard. It consisted of 24 official and 12 unofficial member of which were Europeans and the rest were Nigeria Traditional Rulers .The Council was an advisory body without any power of legislation. It was a medium for public opinion.

FACTORS THAT LED TO THE RISE AND GROWTH OF NATIONALIST MOVEMENT EXTERNAL FACTORS The Atlantic Charter: The publication at the end of the 2nd World war, declared the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live. The American government favored decolonization and this encouraged nationalist to demand for

Nationalism may be defined as the efforts made by Africans to oppose or reject colonial rule. It is the love and pride in a country shown by its people or the desire by a racial group to form an independent country. It could also be seen as a sense of oneness that emerges from social

POSITIVE IMPACT OF COLONIALISM Military and Technical Aid: Some formal colonial territories especially the French territories, received military and technical aid from their former colonial masters. Development of political parties: One of the positive impacts of colonialism was the development of Political Parties. These political parties facilitated the struggle for political independence. Common Language: Colonialism

DEFINITION OF OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization consisting of 13 oil-producing countries. OPEC was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq, with the goal of coordinating and unifying petroleum policies among its member countries to ensure fair and stable prices in the global oil market. The current member

ORIGIN OF OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (0PEC), comprises 13 third-world petroleum-producing countries, formed in 1960 to promote and protect the interest of its members. OPEC as an organization was formed as a reaction to the exploitative motives of multinational companies, which as at that time were controlling oil operations in the oil-producing countries

ACHIEVEMENTS OF ECOWAS The body has removed all customs duties in the areas of importation and exportation of goods within the sub-region. Member states cooperate in the areas of sports and culture. ECOWAS has helped to unite the people of member nations irrespective of the differences in ideology, beliefs and so on. Formation of ECOMOG:

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was created by the Treaty in Lagos, Nigeria, on 28th May, 1975. It was created to promote economic trade, national cooperation and monetary union, for growth and development throughout West Africa. The administrative headquarters of the community is located in Abuja, while the fundraising headquarters is located

PURPOSES OF THE AGENCIES OF U.N.O To reduce international conflicts: The establishment of this agencies has helped to a very large extend in reducing international conflicts to the barest minimum. International interests: Another purpose for setting up these agencies is to integrate the interest of the various nations. To promote World peace: The establishment of

SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE U.N.O Specialized agencies are bodies that are independent and exist under the umbrella of the U.N.O. These agencies are given special assignments which help U.N.O. to achieve its aims and objectives. The activities of these specialized agencies are coordinated and supervised by the main organ of the U.N.O. called the Economic

ORGANS OF THE U.N.O The following are the organs of the U.N.O The General Assembly. The Security Council. The Secretariat. The trusteeship Council. The International Court of Justice. The Economic and Social Council. The General Assembly The General Assembly is the central organ of the U.N.O. Its membership includes all member countries of the U.N.O.

Origin of U.N.O The United Nations (UN) was established in the aftermath of World War II, with the goal of promoting international peace, security, cooperation, and development. Its origins can be traced back to several key events: 1. League of Nations: The League of Nations was the precursor to the UN and was established after