Basic Science and Technology (Primary Classes)

Magnetism is a force that can attract (pull closer) or repel (push away) objects that have a magnetic material like iron inside them (magnetic objects). Magnets can be affected by electricity, which makes them very useful in machines and computers. Magnets are used to make a tight seal on the doors to refrigerators and freezers, […]

To stop a moving object, a force must act in the opposite direction to the direction of motion. For instance, if you push your book across your desk, the book will move. The force of the push moves the book. As the book slides across the desk, it slows down and stops moving. The force

In the school and at home, we see many moving things. We move about on our legs, vehicles move on roads, trains on the rails, aeroplanes fly in the sky and ships sail on the seas. Movement occurs when a force is applied on a thing or object. That is, force causes things to move.

An inclined plane is a simple machine. It allows one to use less force to move an object. Examples of inclined planes are ramps, sloping roads and hills, plows, chisels, hatchets, carpenter’s planes, and wedges. MEANING INCLINED PLANE An inclined plane is a simple machine used to raise a load to places higher than the

A pulley is a wheel that has a smooth groove in its rim, with a rope passing through the groove. At times, there are loads that are too heavy to lift. MEANING OF PULLEY  A pulley is a simple machine that is used to lift heavy objects. A simple machine for overcoming this difficulty is

The muscular system is made up of tissues that work with the skeletal system to control movement of the body. Some muscles—like the ones in your arms and legs—are voluntary, meaning that you decide when to move them. Other muscles, like the ones in your stomach, heart, intestines and other organs, are involuntary.   Functions

The human digestive system is a series of organs that converts food into essential nutrients that are absorbed into the body. The digestive organs also move waste material out of the body. The enzymes in saliva help break down foods, and the lubrication function of saliva makes it easier for food to be swallowed.  

System of the body and its functions Body systems are groups of organs and tissues that work together to perform important jobs for the body. Some organs may be part of more than one body system if they serve more than one function. Other organs and tissues serve a purpose in only one body system.

Electricity is a form of energy that can give things the ability to move and work. Electricity makes the following to do work or move: bulbs, toys, machines, cars, television etc.   CONDUCTOR AND NON CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR Conductors are materials that allow energy to flow through them. For example, wire, iron, pin, spoon, etc. They

Electricity is a form of energy that can give things the ability to move and work. Electricity makes the following to do work or move: bulbs, toys, machines, cars, television etc.   PUPILS ACTIVITIES Materials required A plastic comb (or a glass rod or a plastic rod), pupils with dry hair, a piece of dry

HEAT Heat is a form of energy that increases the level of hotness of the body.   TEMPERATURE Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of the body –water, iron, food etc. Heat and temperature are often used as if they are used as the same thing.. When substance is hot, the temperature is

HEAT Heat is a form of energy that increases the level of hotness of the body.   TEMPERATURE Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of the body –water, iron, food etc. Heat and temperature are often used as if they are used as the same thing. When substance is hot, the temperature is

Energy is the ability to be active or to do work MEANING OF ENERGY CONVERSION Energy conversion is also known as energy transformation. It is the process of changing energy from one type of energy to another.   FORMS OF ENERGY CONVERSION Mechanical energy can be transformed to heat energy. Electrical energy can be transformed

Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium. Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, various kinds  paints, inked brushes, colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds  erasers, markers, styluses, and various metals (such as silverpoint).   Digital drawing is the act of using a computer to draw. A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a

The purpose of maintenance is to ensure that our equipment is in good working conditions. A breakdown in plants and machines clouds is as a result of inadequate maintenance.   MEANING OF MAINTENANCE Maintenance is an activity that should be carried out on regular basis in order to keep equipment in good working conditions.  

MEANING OF SAFETY Safety is the state of being safe, the condition of being protected from harm and other non-desirable outcomes. Safety means keeping yourself and other from harm and danger.   MEANING OF ACCIDENT An accident is an unplanned event that sometimes has inconvenient or undesirable consequences. An accident is something harmful and takes

MEANING OF MATERIALS A material is a substance or mixture of substances that constitutes an object. Materials can be pure or impure, living or non-living matter. Materials can be classified based on their physical and chemical properties, or on their geographical origin or biological function. Materials are resources used in making products of technology.  

Force is a push or pulls acting upon an object as a result of its interaction with another object. There are a variety of types of forces. Previously in this lesson, a variety of force types were placed into two broad category headings on the basis of whether the force resulted from the contact or