Farm structures are simple erections that are constructed in the farm site to make farm operations easier. They are usually very simple building which to are not made from concrete. Farm structures are constructed to serve specific purpose on the farm. They could be temporary or permanent dispending on their uses or the purpose they […]
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A stock exchange is a marketplace where buyers and sellers can trade stocks, which represent shares of ownership in publicly traded companies. While there isn’t a specific stock exchange dedicated exclusively to agriculture, agricultural companies can be listed and traded on various stock exchanges around the world. Some of the major stock exchanges where agricultural
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The stock exchange (capital market) is divided into two types These are the Primary market and Secondary market. Primary Market This is also called the new issue market (NIM). it is a capital market where newly issued securities are offered to the public. In a primary market, a transaction (buying and selling of securities) takes
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There are several types of people involved in the stock exchange and the broader financial markets. Here are some key players: 1. Investors Individuals or institutions that buy and sell stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments with the goal of making a profit. They can range from small individual investors to large institutional investors such
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A stock exchange is an organized market where stock broker s and traders can buy and sell stocks (also called shares), bonds and other securities. It is also called capital market, stock market or share market. Buyers and sellers come together to trade during specific hours on business days. Hence a stock exchange is a
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What is a Farm record? Farm records refer to the systematic documentation and organization of various information related to agricultural operations and activities on a farm. These records are essential for effective farm management, decision-making, financial planning, and complying with regulatory requirements. Farm records can be maintained in both physical and digital formats, depending on
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Bookkeeping is the recording on a day-to-day basis, of financial transactions and information pertaining to a business. It ensures that records of individual financial transactions are correct, up-to-date and comprehensive. Accuracy is therefore vital to the process. Bookkeeping provides the information from which accounts are prepared. It is a distinct process that occurs within the
Farm records are essential for the effective management and success of any agricultural operation. They provide systematic and organized documentation of various aspects of the farm’s activities, resources, and performance. Here are some key reasons highlighting the importance of farm records: 1. Decision-making: Accurate and up-to-date farm records serve as a valuable source of information
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FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION The factors that control soil formation include; climate, parent materials, topography, biotic factors (living organisms) and time. CLIMATE Climate refers to the average weather condition of a place measured over a long period of time. Elements of climate include sunlight, temperature, wind, relative humidity, rainfall and pressure. Rainfall: Running water as
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ROCK WEATHERING The process of soil formation is referred to as weathering. Weathering is defined as the disintegration of rocks into smaller particles to form soil. PROCESSES OF ROCK WEATHERING The processes of soil formation (rock weathering) include: Physical process Chemical process Biological process PHYSICAL PROCESS OF ROCK WEATHERING Agents of physical weathering include temperature,
ROCK A rock is any mineral material of the earth. It may be a combination of different mineral elements such as silica (silica contain silicon and oxygen). TYPES OF ROCKS Rocks can be classified into three major groups based on how they are formed and their appearances. These include Igneous rock Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock
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MEANING OF AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY Agricultural Ecology is defined as the study of crop plants and farm animals in relation to their environment. Ecology is derived from a Greek word “Oikos” which means home or dwelling place. In order words, agricultural ecology can be defined as a field of study which deals with the relationship of
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CULTIVATION OF CEREALS MAIZE (Zeamays) RICE (Oryzasativa) Description Maize also called corn is a member of the grass family (Gramineae). It produces grains, use as food by human beings and livestock. The seed/fruit is called caryopsis. Rice is a member of the grass family (Gramineae). The seed/ fruit is called caryopsis Varieties / cultivar
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Post planting operations are the operations carried out after planting. It creates a good condition and proper maintenance for plants growth. Post planting operations include the following: Thinning Supplying Irrigation/ watering Use of manure and fertilizer Mulching Weeding Harvesting Processing Storage, etc. Thinning This is the removal of excess, weak or not well positioned seedlings
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PLANTING OPERATION These are the operations carried out when inserting the planting materials (cutting or seeds) into the soil. When seeds are sown in the soil, they develop root and shoots, this is called germination and the young plants that emerge are called seedlings. A seed when planted undergoes the following processes. Germination: the process
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Planting operations are the operations carried out before planting while planting is the sowing of seeds and post-posting operations include thinning, supplying, irrigation, manuring, mulching and weeding. PRE-PLANTING OPERATIONS Land clearing: this is the removal of pre-existing vegetation on the farm land. It is carried out by cutting the vegetation and grasses with cutlasses or
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METHODS OF PEST CONTROL Crop pests can be prevented or controlled through the following methods: Physical control Cultural control Biological control Chemical control PHYSICAL CONTROL This method involves physically removing or excluding pests from the crop. It can include techniques such as handpicking pests, using traps or barriers, erecting fences or nets, and employing mechanical
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MEANING OF CROP PEST A crop pest can be defined as any organism capable of causing damage to the crop. TYPES OF CROP PEST Crop pests can be categorized into various classes based on the organisms that cause damage. Here are some common types of crop pests: 1. Insects: Insects are one of the most
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MEANING AND CAUSES OF DISEASE A crop is a plant cultivated by man for a specific purpose. A plant disease is a deviation of the plant from the normal state of health, presenting outward visible signs. Diseases are caused by pathogens and enhanced by some physiological factors. CAUSES OF DISEASE Plant diseases are caused by
Floriculture: is a discipline of horticulture that is concerned with the production and management of ornamental plants. Ornamental plants are beautiful trees or shrubs which can be used to decorate our environments. IMPORTANCE OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS Sources of employment e.g. florists. Serves as a source of income. For expression of love and as gift on
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